Salinity

Chlorosis between veins on a mature leaf (J. O'Sullivan).

Browning (necrosis) spreading from the margins to areas between veins (J. O'Sullivan).

- dark grey necrosis on old leaves spreading from margins into interveinal areas.

- dark necrotic spots on mature leaves, aligned midway between the main veins.

- necrosis is not preceded by yellowing, but affected leaves eventually yellow and fall off.

- crop wilts readily in dry weather.

Apart from its direct toxic effects, high salt levels can inhibit water uptake, and damage soil structure.

Occurs in coastal areas affected by sea water, or irrigated crops in semi-arid areas.