A
>Usually applied to leaves with an acute apex tapering into a long tip
Acute :
Sharply pointed; the margins near the tip are almost straight and form an angle of less than 90 degrees. The oposite of obtuse.
Embracing the stem, e.g. with the leaf base extending around the stem.
Ending abruptly in a short, sharp, flexible point.
Type of indumentum that is cobwebby with soft, slender, cottony, entangled hairs, the hairs pointing in several directions.
Gradually tapering over a long distance; applied to bases or apices of parts.
Auricle :
An ear-like lobe projecting at the base of some leaves and petals.
Awned :
With a fine, bristle-like appendage.
B
Shortly barbed; in Asteraceae used for spreading or upward-pointing pappus hairs.
Leaves attached at or near the base; also proximal.
In two series or whorls.
Bearing bracts or subtended by bracts.
C
Bell-shaped; with a tube about as long as wide and a spreading upper part.
Falling off early; not persistent.
Caudate :
Bearing a tail-like appendage, as in some leaf apices; excessively acuminate.
Cauline :
Belonging to an obvious stem or axis, as opposed to basal.
Clasping :
With base of a leaf partly or wholly surrounding the stem.
Comose :
Bearing a tuft or tufts of hair.
Folded together lengthwise with the upper surfaces against each other.
A short and broad, more or less flat-topped, indeterminate inflorescence; the outer flowers opening first.
With an apex somewhat abruptly and sharply concavely constricted into elongated, rigid, sharply pointed tip.
Like a cylinder, i.e. long and narrow. Circular in cross section.
Cyme :
A broad, more or less flat-topped. determinate flower cluster with central flowers opening first and with growth continued by axillary buds.
D
Lying on the ground, but with distal part upright.
Extending downwards.
More or less flattened from above downwards; pressed down.
Small compact shrub.
E
Elliptic :
Oval in outline, broadest at the middle with two equal rounded ends; broadly or narrowly elliptic.
With a distinct shallow notch at the apex.
Erect :
Upright.
F
Filiform :
Thread-like, very slender and long.
With a fringed margin with rather broad hair-like processes.
G
Becoming glabrous or nearly so.
Glabrous :
Without hairs, scales or other indumentums.
Having secreting organs, or glands.
Globose :
Round, spherical.
A cluster of (sub)sessile flowers.
H
Herb :
A plant without a persistent woody stem above the ground; naturally dying to the ground; lacking a definite firm, woody structure.
Hirsute :
With rather rough or coarse, stiff hairs.
Hispid :
With stiff hairs or bristles; more sharply and bristly than hirsute.
I
Overlapping like tiles on a roof.
Funnel-shaped, i.e. abruptly widening from a narrow cylindrical part to a wider distal part.
L
Lanate :
Woolly, with long, interwoven, curly hairs.
Loose panicles, the oposite of congested.
Linear :
Long and narrow, much longer than wide and the sides parallel or nearly so.
M
Applied to low-growing plants growing so close together that they form a continuous cover or to a prostrate shrub rooting at the nodes (in which case a single plant can form a mat).
Terminated abruptly by a distinct, sharp, stiff point.
O
The reverse of lanceolate, applied to a leaf that is broader at the distal third than at the middle and tapering toward the base.
Oblong :
Longer than broad, and with the sides parallel or nearly so for most of their length.
Obovate :
The reverse of ovate, egg-shaped; the terminal half broader than the basal.
Obtuse :
Blunt, rounded.
With a circular outline, two-dimentional.
Ovate :
Egg-shaped (two-dimentional) about twice as long as broad, with the wider part below the middle.
P
Paleae :
Chaffy scales or thin colourless bracts amongst the flowers on the receptacle in Asteraceae.
Fiddle-shaped, i.e. oblong to elliptic but constricted at the midpoint.
Fiddle-shaped
Panicle :
An inflorescence in which the main axis has several lateral branches and the flowers are pedicellate; in which both the main axis and lateral branches are indeterminate.
Pappus :
A series of bristles, hairs or scales around the base of the corolla at the apex of the fruit in Asteraceae.
Pellucid :
Clear, almost transparent in transmitted light.
With pencil-shaped tufts of hair at the end.
With a leaf stalk; not sessile.
Pilose :
Hairy with rather long, patent, soft, simple hairs; close to villous.
A general term for lying flat on the ground.
Covered with fine, short soft hairs.
R
Radiate :
Spreading from or arranged around a common centre, e.g. in flower heads of Asteraceae; with ray florets on the outside and disc florets on the inside.
Recurved :
Bent or curved downwards or backwards.
Reflexed :
Abruptly recurved at a sharp angle or bent downward or backwards.
Revolute :
Rolled backwards, with margin rolled towards the lower side.
Rosette :
A single circle or multiple circles of leaves at ground level. An arrangement of leaves radiating from a crown or centre and usually at or close to the ground.
Rounded :
Smoothly curved, without abrupt angles.
Rugose :
Wrinkled; covered in coarse reticulate lines, usually with raised areas between
S
Scabrid :
With indumentum rough to the touch, usually from the presence of minute stiff hairs.
Silky with closely appressed, soft, straight hairs and with a shiny silky sheen.
Sessile :
Without a stalk; attached directly.
Setose :
Covered with bristles.
Shrub :
A self-supporting woody plant that remains low and produces shoots or branches from the base.
Solitary :
Borne singly or alone; not in clusters.
Spoon-shaped, shaped like a small spatula: oblong, with an extended basal part.
With rough tips or tips of scales, e.g. bracts projecting outwards.
Stereome :
In Asteraceae, a part of the phyllary (involucral bract) that is (semi-)transparent.
Bearing stolons; with runners or propagative shoots rooting at the tip and producing new plants.
Strigose :
With sharp, appressed, straight hairs, stiff and often basally swollen; with sharp, stiff hairs lying close to the surface.
Nearly or almost round; spherical
Nearly or almost circular or round; a two-dimentional shape between oblong and rounded in outline.
Subshrub; often a plant producing annual flowering stems from a woody underground rootstock.
T
With dense, curly, matted, soft, woolly hairs.
Truncate :
Ending abruptly in a more or less straight line, as if cut off.
Top-shaped, obconical and narrowed towards the tips.
U
In as ingle whorl or series.
V
Villous :
With long and soft, not matted hairs; shaggy.
W
Webbed :
With an interlacing network of filaments, fibres, hairs or veins.
Winged :
A three-dimentional body with flattened to blade-like projections.