Leucanthemum vulgareLeucanthemum vulgareTaxonomy
Leucanthemum vulgare, Fl. Franç. 2:137. 1779
Common synonyms
Bellis major Garsault; Chamaemelum leucanthemum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Chrysanthemum dentatum Gilib.; Chrysanthemum ircutianum Turcz.; Chrysanthemum lanceolatum Pers.; Chrysanthemum lanceolatum Vest; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum f. leucanthemum; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum subsp. crassifolium (Lange) P.Fourn.; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum subsp. lanceolatum (DC.) E.Mayer; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum subsp. leucanthemum; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum subsp. leucolepis (Briq. & Cavill.) Schinz & Thell.; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum subsp. triviale Gaudin; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum var. boecheri B.Boivin; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum var. leucanthemum; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum var. pinnatifidum Lecoq & Lamotte; Chrysanthemum leucanthemum var. subpinnatifidum Fernald; Chrysanthemum montanum Willd.; Chrysanthemum pratense Salisb.; Chrysanthemum sylvestre Willd.; Chrysanthemum vulgare (Lam.) Gaterau; Chrysanthemum vulgare subsp. boreale (Fisch. ex DC.) Vorosch.; Leucanthemum cantabricum Sennen; Leucanthemum commutatum Timb. & Martrin-Donos; Leucanthemum crassifolium (Lange) Lange; Leucanthemum ircutianum (Turcz.) Turcz.; Leucanthemum ircutianum (Turcz.) Turcz. ex DC.; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. asperulum (N.Terracc.) Vogt & Greuter; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. cantabricum (Sennen) P.D.Sell; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. cantabricum (Sennen) Vogt; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. crassifolium (Lange) Vogt; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. ircutianum; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. leucolepis (Briq. & Cavill.) Vogt & Greuter; Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. pseudosylvaticum R.Vogt; Leucanthemum ircutianum var. amplifolium (Fiori & Paoletti) Soó; Leucanthemum ircutianum var. ircutianum; Leucanthemum ircutianum var. laticeps (Briq. & Cavill. ex Burnat) Soó; Leucanthemum ircutianum var. pinnatifidum (Lecoq & Lamotte) D.Löve & J.-P.Bernard; Leucanthemum ircutianum var. sylvestre (Pers.) Soó; Leucanthemum lanceolatum DC.; Leucanthemum leucanthemum (L.) Rydb.; Leucanthemum leucolepis (Briq. & Cavill.) Gajic; Leucanthemum leucolepis (Briq. & Cavill.) Horvatie; Leucanthemum leucolepis subsp. asperulum; Leucanthemum leucolepis subsp. leucolepis; Leucanthemum pallens subsp. leucolepis (Briq. & Cavill.) Favarger; Leucanthemum pallens var. crassifolium Lange; Leucanthemum praecox (Harvatic) Harvatic; Leucanthemum praecox (Horvat.) Horvat.; Leucanthemum praecox (Horvatic) Villard; Leucanthemum praecox var. autumnale (Saint-Amans) Villard; Leucanthemum praecox var. rhodopaeum Kuzmanov & R.H.Kestenova; Leucanthemum pseudosylvaticum (Vogt) Vogt & Oberpr.; Leucanthemum rotundifolium (Opiz) Pouzar; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. cantabricum Sennen; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. crassifolium (Lange) Rouy; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. incisum Arcang.; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. ircutianum (Turcz. ex DC.) Tzvelev; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. leucolepis Briq. & Cavill.; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. praecox Horvatic; Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. triviale (Gaudin) Briq. & Cavill.; Leucanthemum vulgare var. pinnatifidum (Lecoq & Lamotte) Moldenke; Leucanthemum vulgare var. vulgare; Matricaria leucanthemum (L.) Desr.; Matricaria leucanthemum (L.) Scop.; Pontia vulgaris Bubani; Pyrethrum leucanthemum (L.) Franch.; Tanacetum leucanthemum (L.) Sch.Bip.
Common name
Oxeye daisy
Description
Propagule or dispersal unit is the fruit. Fertile part 1.5-2.5 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide, in side view widest in upper part (obovoid), +/- straight, the upper (apical) end narrowing, in cross-section round (terete), central, beak (=thinner sterile stalk between seed and pappus) absent, wings absent, fruit surface dark brown, smooth (except at cellular level), with no hairs (glabrous), thickened margin absent, longitudinal ribs present, 9-11, their surfaces smooth, with no hairs (glabrous).
Pappus absent, rarely scales, pappus elements all +/- similar, up to 0-0.5 mm long, in one row, persistent.
Ecology
Perennial herb, seeds without obvious dispersal syndrome. Temperate regions. Prefers heavy and moist soils; weed of pastures, grasslands, grassy woodlands, disturbed forests, and subalpine vegetation.
Native range
Europe, western Asia.
