Genus:   Singhiella Sampson 1943

 Nomenclature  [Jensen 2001] [Martin, 1999: 66-67] [Jensen, 1999]:  

        Singhiella Sampson 1943

Dialeurodes  Quaintance & Baker, 1914: 97

Aleyrodes (Dialeurodes)  Cockerell, 1902:  283

Biology [Jensen 2001] [Martin, 1999: 66] [Jensen, 1999]: Puparia normally pale,oval to round  with about 28 taxa described.   A cladistic appraisal of the Dialeurodes group has been published by Jensen comparing this to the Dialeurodes and Massilieurodes Genera.

Distribution [Jensen 2001] [Martin, 1999: 66-67] [Jensen, 1999]:  Occurs mostly in the Palaearctic and Oriental regions with a some in the Afrotropical, Australasian, the New World regions.  One species, Singhiella citrifolii (Morgan), is widely distributed and the only species known to occur in the USA.

Taxonomy [Martin, 1999: 66]:  Dorsum. Front of head not delineated by a short subdorsal suture;  thoracic tracheal folds/furrows almost always smooth or with only a few near the margin. Caudal furrow either not ornamented or with larger tile like structures. Chaetotaxy. 13 to 15 submarginal setae present with the posteriormost pair  always placed laterad of caudal ridges. Pores. Some or all dorsal pores mounted on rounded papilla. Tergite AI  normally with 3 or more pores on the dorsal area. Venter. Fore & midlegs not closely appressed, almost always distinctly separated; lateral margin of legs ornamented almost always with scattered spinules.

Natural Enemies: See species list below.

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Singhiella bassiae (David & Subramanian) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella bassiae (David & Subramanian)  comb. nov.  [Jensen, 1991: 307]

           Dialeurodes bassiae  David & Subramanian 1976

Distribution  [Jesudasan & David  1976]: Palaearctic:  India 

Host   [Jesudasan & David  1976]:  Sapotaceae:  Bassia longifolia

Singhiella bauhiniae Dubey & Sundararaj

Nomenclature: 

             Singhiella bauhiniae Dubey & Sundararaj 2006: 232

 

Distribution: Palaearctic: India

Host: Fabaceae: Bauhinia phoenicea

Singhiella bicolor (Singh) stat. rev.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella bicolor  (Singh)  stat. rev.  [Jensen, 1991: 307]

          Singhiella bicolor  Singh 1931

Distribution  [Singh 1931]: Palaearctic:  India 

Host    [Singh 1931]:  Myrtaceae:  Eugenia jambos

Natural Enemies:   Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae: Encarsia septentrionalis Hayat 1989

Singhiella brideliae (David & Subramanian) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella brideliae (David & Subramanian) comb. nov.  [Jensen, 1991: 307]

Distribution  [Jesudasan & David  1991: 255]: Palaearctic: India 

Host   [Jesudasan & David  1991: 255]  [NHM, London]:  Euphorbiaceae:  Bridelia crenulata

Singhiella cambodiensis (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella cambodiensis  (Takahashi) comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)       

          Singhiella cambodiensis  Takahashi 1942

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Cambodia, Thailand

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Indet

Singhiella cardamoni (David & Subramanian)

Nomenclature  [Jensen, 1991: 307] [Jesudasan & David  1991: 255]: 

          Singhiella cardamomi (David & Subramanian) [Jensen, 1991: 307]

Aleuroclava cardamomi (David & Subramanian) [Jesudasan and David 1990]

Kanakarajiella cardamomi (David and Subramaniam) 1976

Dialeurodes cardamomi David & Subramaniam 1976

Aleurotuberculatus cardamoni David & Subramanian, 1976, 70: 71

Distribution  [Jesudasan & David  1991: 255]: Palaearctic:  India 

Host   [Jesudasan & David  1991: 255]  [NHM, London]:  Zingiberaceae:  Elettaria cardamomun

Natural Enemies:  Fungi: Ascheronia placenta [David & Subramaniam 1976]

Singhiella chinensis (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella chinensis  (Takahashi) comb. nov. [Jensen 2001]

          Pealius chinensis Takahashi 1941

Distribution  [Takahashi 1941]: Oriental: Hong Kong

Host  [Takahashi 1941]: Indet

Singhiella chitinosa (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella chitinosa  (Takahashi) comb. nov. [Jensen 2001: 307]

          Dialeurodes chitinosa Takahashi 1937

Distribution  [Takahashi 1941]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host  [Takahashi 1941]: Lauraceae: Cinnamomum sp.

Singhiella citrifolii (Morgan)

Nomenclature:

Singhiella citrifolii (Morgan)  Jensen 2001:  307

Dialeurodes citrifolii (Morgan) Quaintance & Baker 1914:  97

Aleyrodes nubifera  Berger 1909: 68-70

Aleyrodes citrifolii   Morgan 1898: 70-74

Distribution[]: Worldwide including  Australasia [Martin 2005: 46]: Caroline Islands, Malaysia , Marianas, USA (Hawaii),  Western Samoa;  Philippines;  Nearctic: Bermuda [NHM,London],  Mexico [Quaintance & Baker 1917: 413] USA [Martin 2005: 46] (Alabama, California, Colorado, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Texas),  ;  Neotropical:  Barbados [Tucker 1952: 337],  Brazil [Peracchi 1971:151],  Cuba  [Quaintance & Baker 1917: 413] ,  Jamaica,  Panama,  Puerto Rico [Dozier 1926: 121],  Trinidad [NHM,London],  Venezuela [NHM,London];  Oriental:  China [Martin 2005: 46], [Penny 1922:22] , Hong Kong [Martin 2005: 46],,  Japan [Penny 1922:22],  Taiwan; , Vietnam [Martin 2005: 46] [Sylvesri 1927: 19];  Palaearctic:  India [Martin 2005: 46], [Penny 1922:22], Lebanon [Martin 2005: 46], Madeira  [Martin 2005: 46], Morocco  [Martin 2005: 46]

Host:  Annonaceae: Annona sp.; Araceae: Monstera deliciosa;  Arecaceae: Chamaedorea sp.,  Cocos nucifera;   Asteraceae: Eupatorium odoratum; Caprifoliaceae: Viburnum odoratissimum Ker-Gawl, V. sp.; Dioscoreaceae: Dioscorea alata; Labiatae: Ocimum sp.; Malpighiaceae: Malpighia glabra; Moraceae: Ficus nitida [ Quaintance & Baker 1916: 470] ; Myrtaceae: Psidium sp;  Oleaceae: Fraxinus sp.. Jasminum sp; Rubiaceae:  Cephalanthus sp., Gardenia jasminoides, G. sp.,  [ Quaintance & Baker 1909: 173] ;  Rutaceae:  Citrus spp. [ Quaintance & Baker 1909: 173] [Sampson 1944: 442], X Citrofortunella microcarpa; Fortunella crassifolia, Poncirus trifoliata ; Solanceae: Cestrum nocturnum; Vitaceae: Vitis sp.

Natural Enemies:  Fungi:  Aegerita webberi [Berger 1921], Aschersonia aleyrodis [Berger 1921], Aschersonia goldiana [Morrill & Black 1912],  Fusarium verticilloides;  

Acarina: Phytoseiidae: Typhlodromalus peregrinus (Muma) [Muma 1971, 1959];

Coccinellidae: Brumoides sp.,  [Fulmek 1959] ,  B. suturalis [Husain & Khan 1945],  (Fabricious) Delphastus catalinae (Horn)  [Thompson 1964:  81] [Fulmek 1959], D. pallidus [Muma et al. 1975] [[Muma 1955],   D. pusillus (LeConte) 1852 [Muma et al. 1975] [Muma 1956, 1955], Scymnus sp. [Caballero 1993] [Muma et al. 1957] [Husain & Khan 1945],  Nephaspis oculatus (Blatchley) 1917;

Diptera: Syrphidae: Ocyptamus fuscipennis (Say) [Muma et al. 1975] ;

Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae: Encarsia luteola, E. lahorensis, E. perstrenua Silvestri [Fulmek 1943] [Silvestri 1927: 19],  E. protransvena Viggiani [Heraty & Polaszek 2000],  E. sophia. E.  strenua Silvestri  [Fulmek 1943:30], E. variegata; Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider) 1851 [Muma et al 1975],  C. cubana (Hagen) 1861[Muma 1957], C. valida (Banks) 1895, Chrysopa sp. [Muma 1959] [Husain & Khan 1945]; Coniopterygidae: Coniopteryx vicina Hagen  [Muma et al. 1967]; Thysanoptera: Coniopteryx vicina Hagen: Aleurodothrips fasciapennis (Franklin) [Muma et al. 1975] [Selhime et al. 1963];  [Back 1912]

Singhiella crenulata Qureshi & Qayyum

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella crenulata  Qureshi & Qayyum 1969

Distribution  [Singh 1931]: Palaearctic:  Pakistan

Host    [Singh 1931]: Rosaceae:  Rosa indica

Singhiella delamarei  (Cohic) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella delamarei  (Cohic) 1968 [Jensen 2001: 307]

Distribution  [Cohic 1968]: Afrotropical: Congo

Host    [Cohic 1968] : Annonaceae:  Uvaria scabrida

Singhiella denticulata  (Qureshi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella denticulata (Qureshi) 1979

Distribution  [Cohic 1968]: Palaearctic:  Pakistan

Host    [Cohic 1968] : Fabaceae: Cassia fistula

 

Singhiella dioscoreae (Takahashi)

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella dioscoreae  (Takahashi) 1934

          Dialeurodes dioscoreae  Takahashi 1934

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Dioscoreaceae:  Dioscorea rhipogonioides

Natural Enemies: Hymenoptera:  Aphelinidae:  Encarsia abundantia Chou & Su 1996

Singhiella dipterocarpi (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella dipterocarpi (Takahashi) 1942 [comb. nov.]

           Singhiella dipterocarpi  Takahashi 1942

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Thailand

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Dipterocarpaceae:  Dipterocarpus

Singhiella elaeagni (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella elaeagni (Takahashi)  comb. nov. [Jensen 2001: 307]

           Dialeurodes dipterocarpi  Takahashi 1935

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Elaeagnaceae:  Elaeagnus formosanus

Singhiella elbaensis (Priesner & Hosny) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella elbaensis (Priesner & Hosny)  comb. nov. [Jensen 2001: 307]

           Dialeurodes (Gigaleurodes) elbaensis Priesner & Hosny 1934

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Afrotropical: Cameroon, Niger; Palaerctic: Chad, Egypt,  Ivory Coast, Sudan

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Anacardiaceae: Trichoscypha arborea; Annonaceae: Monodora crispata; Araceae: Chrysobalanus orbicularis;  Chrysobalanaceae: Chrysobalanus orbicularis;  Connaraceae: Manotes pruinosa;  Dilleniaceae: Tetracera alnifolia; Euphorbiaceae: Sapium cornutum; Guttiferae: Harungana madagascariensis; Liliaceae: Smilax fraussiana;  Moraceae:  Ficus salicifolia;  Rubiaceae:  Morelia senegalensis, Morinda morindoides

Singhiella ficifolii (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella ficifolii  (Takahashi) comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)

          Massilieurodes ficifolii  (Takahashi) comb. nov.

          Dialeurodes ficifolii  Takahashi1942

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Thailand

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Moraceae:  Ficus sp.

Singhiella kuraruensis (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella kuraruensis (Takahashi) 1933 comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)

           Dialeurodes (Rhachisphora) kuraruensis Takahashi 1933

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Lauraceae:  Persea (Machilus)  sp.

Singhiella longisetae Chou & Yan

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella longisetae Chou & Yan 1988: 246

 

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: China

Host: Lauraceae: Cinnamomum sp.

Singhiella malabaricus (Jesudasan & David) comb. nov.

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella malabaricus (Jesudasan & David) comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307]

           Dialeurodes malabaricus (Jesudasan & David)1991

Distribution  [Jesudasan & David  1976]: Palaearctic:  India 

Host   [Jesudasan & David  1976]:  Lauraceae:  Cinnamomum malabaricum

Singhiella melanolepis Chen & Ko

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella melanolepis Chen & Ko 2007: 3

Distribution: Oriental: Taiwan

Host: Euphorbiaceae: Melanolepis multiglandulosa

Singhiella mekonensis (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella mekonensis (Takahashi)  comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)

           Dialeurodes Mekonensiis Takahashi 1942

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Thailand

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: indet

Singhiella pallida (Singh) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella pallida  (Singh)  comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)

           Kanakarajiella pallida Singh 1931

           Dialeurodes pallida Singh 1931 [David & Sundaraj 1993]

Distribution [Singh 1931]: Palaearctic: India

Host: Marantaceae: Maranta arundinacea; Piperaceae: Piper bêtel[Singh 1931]; Zingiberaceae: Elettaria cardamomum

Singhiella premnae Martin

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella premnae (Martin) 1999

Distribution  [Martin 1999]: Afrotropical: Australia

Host  [Martin 1999]: Verbenaceae: Premna serratifolia

Singhiella piperis (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella piperis (Takahashi)  comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)

           Dialeurodes piperis Takahashi 1942

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Piperaceae: Piper sp., P. kasura

Natural Enemies:   Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae: Encarsia azimi Hayat 1989 [Chou et al. 1996: 45(2): 196];  E. inaron (Walker) 1839 [Huang & Polaszek 1998 32: 1846]

Singhiella serdangensis (Corbett)

Nomenclature: 

           Singhiella serdangensis (Corbett) comb. nov. [Jensen, 2001: 307)

           Dialeurodes serdangensis Corbett1935

Distribution  [Takahashi 1934]: Australasia: Malaysia

Host  [Takahashi 1934]: Malvaceae: Abelmoschus esculentus

Singhiella simplex (Singh)

Nomenclature: 

Aleurocanthus simplex Singh 1931: 69-70

 

Pealius simplex (Singh); Jesudasan and David 1991: 321[Dubey & Sundararaj 2005: 163]

 

Singhiella simplex (Singh) [Martin & Mound 2007: 43]

 

Dialeurodes glomerata Singh 1932: 81

 

Pealius indicus David & Subramaniam 1976: 206

 

Distribution: Palaearctic: India

 

Host: Ericaceae: Rhododendron indica; Moraceae: Ficus altissima, Ficus bengalensis, Ficus glomerata, Ficus

benjamina

Natural enemies: Aphelinidae: Encarsia tricolor

Singhiella subrotunda (Takahashi)

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella subrotunda (Takahashi)

           Dialeurodes subrotunda Takahashi 1935

Distribution [Takahashi 1935]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host  [Takahashi 1935]: Lauraceae:  Actinodaphne sp. and Persea (Machilus) sp. 

Singhiella sutepensis (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella sutepensis (Takahashi) comb. nov. [Jensen 2001: 307]

           Dialeurodes sutepensis Takahashi 1942

Distribution [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Cambodia, Thailand

Host [Takahashi 1934]: indet

Singhiella tetrastigmae (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella tetrastigmae (Takahashi) comb. nov.

           Dialeurodes tetrastigmaeTakahashi 1934

Distribution [Takahashi 1934]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host [Takahashi 1934]:  Convolvulaceae: Erycibe henryi;   Vitaceae:  Tetrastigma formosanum.  T. umbellata 

Natural Enemies:   Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae: Encarsia abundantia Chou & Su 1996, E. longivalvula Viggiani 1985, E. magnivena Huang & Polaszek 1998

Singhiella vanierieae (Takahashi) comb. nov.

Nomenclature:

           Singhiella vanierieae (Takahashi) comb. nov. {Jensen 1999]

           Dialeurodes vanierieaeTakahashi 1935

Distribution [Takahashi 1935]: Oriental: Taiwan

Host [Takahashi 1935]: Moraceae:  Cudrania cochinchinensis,  Vanieria cochinchinensis