Genus: Aleurodicus Douglas.
Nomenclature :
Aleurodicus Douglas in Morgan 1892: 32 Type species Aleurodicus annonae Morgan.
Distribution: Although primarily natives of the Neotropics, seven species are natives of the Asia-Pacific area [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1996] .
Taxonomy [Martin, 1999] [Caballero, 1992:58-59] :
Terminal claws always present on leg.
Usually margin not dentate except for the following species: Aleurodicus antidesmae Corbett, A. cinnamomi Takahashi, Aleurodicus holmesii (Maskell), Aleurodicus machili Takahashi, & Aleurodicus wallaceus Martin .
Four, five, or six abdominal pairs of subdorsal compound pores with central processes. The first four usually large with the central processes exserting beyond the pore orifice; one or two significantly smaller compound pores absent or present on caudal segments VII & VIII. Simple pores of various types present or absent within the genus: discoidal, wide rimmed, double-rimmed, & septate shape.
12 pairs of sub marginal hair-like setae; 2 to 4 submedian pairs of cephalothoracic setae present; in some cases the cephalic and/or the prothoracic setae pairs absent.
Chordate (heart-shaped) vasiform orifice; lingula is large, blunted (see caveat below), and exserted (glossary definition) with four setae (two of which many be reduced making it difficult to see or broken off).
Natural Enemies [Kairo et al 2001] [Gomez & Garcia 2000] [Polaszek & Hayat 1992] [Thompson 1950] [Thompson 1950] [Dozier 1933] [Evans Collection] : See the species listings below for specific species. In addition, the following parasites/predators are known to attack Aleurodicus sp.: Signiphora sp. (Hymenoptera, Signaphoridae); Encarsia luteola Howard group, E. protransvena Viggiani, E. variegata; Encarsiella aleurodici, Encarsiella ciliata, E. narroi, & E. sp. (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Aleuroctonus vittatus (Dozier) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae).
Related genera: Can be confused with Aleuronudus, Austroaleurodicus, Azuraleurodicus, & Metaleurodicus.
***These species are intercepted in quarantine (in the table below).
Caveat: An unknown genus will key to this if the lingula tapers to a point. Nakahara's provisional key has it identified as "N.Gen".
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Aleurodicus antidesmae Corbett NOMENCLATURE:
DISTRIBUTION: Oriental: Sri Lanka [Corbett 1926: 268] . HOST: Euphorbiaceae: Antidesma brunneus [Corbett 1926: 268] . |
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Aleurodicus antillensis Dozier NOMENCLATURE:
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Puerto Rico. [Dozier, H.L. 1936: 268] [S.E.L.] . HOST [Dozier, H.L. 1936: 144] : Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera; Clusiaceae: Calophyllum antillanum; Fabaceae: Erythrina glauca. NATURAL ENEMIES: Euderomphale vittata Dozier (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae). |
Aleurodicus araujoi (Sampson & Drews) NOMENCLATURE:
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: Mexico [Sampson, W.W. & Drews, E. A. 1941: 145] . HOST: Aristalochiaceae: Aristolochia [Sampson, W.W. & Drews, E. A. 1941: 145 ] . |
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Aleurodicus bondari =Aleuronudus bondari |
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Aleurodicus capiangae Bondar*** NOMENCLATURE:
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: Mexico [S.E.L.]; Neotropical: Anguilla [NHM, London], Bahamas [S.E.L.], Barbados [S.E.L.], Brazil [Bondar, G. 1923: 72] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.]; Ecuador [S.E.L.], Jamaica [S.E.L.], Montserrat [S.E.L.], Puerto Rico [S.E.L.]; Surinam [S.E.L.], Trinidad & Tobago [NHM, London] [S.E.L.], Venezuela [Arnal, 2000] [S.E.L.], Virgin Islands [S.E.L.] . HOST: Burseraceae [Arnal, 2000] : Bursera simaruba; Clusiaceae: Vismia brasiliensis [Arnal, 2000] [Bondar, G. 1923: 72]; Fabaceae: Inga sp. [NHM, London]; Moraceae: Ficus cf. richteri; Musaceae: Musa sapientum [NHM, London]; Sterculiaceae [Arnal, 2000] : Guazuma ulmifolia; Verbenaceae: Citharexylum [NHM, London] . |
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Aleurodicus cinnamomi Takahashi NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Australasian: Malaya [Takahashi, 1951: 1-2] [NHM, London]; Oriental: Singapore [NHM, London] . HOST: Lauraceae [Takahashi, 1951: 1] : Cinnamomum sp. , Persea (Machilus) sp. |
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Aleurodicus coccolobae Quaintance & Baker *** NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: Mexico
[Caballero, 1992] [Quaintance &
Baker 1913: 46] ; Neotropical: Brazil
[Caballero, 1992] [Costa
HOST [Takahashi, 1951: 1] : Anacardiaceae: Schinus terebinthefolius [Russell, 1965: 54]; Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera [Russell, 1965: 54]; Begoniaceae: Begonia sp. [Costa Lima, 1968: 106]; Polygonaceae: Coccoloba uvifera [Quaintance & Baker 1913: 46] . |
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Aleurodicus cocois (Curtis) *** NOMENCLATURE :
TAXONOMY: Description: [Martin, 1997]; Key [Caballero, 1992] [Quaintance & Baker, 1913] . DISTRIBUTION: Australasian: Hawaii (Leeward Islands) [S.E.L.]; Nearctic: Mexico [CPC, 2003] [Cockerell, 1898: 225], [USA (California)] [S.E.L.]; Neotropical: Anguilla [CPC, 2003] [NHM, London], Antigua and Barbuda [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989] [S.E.L.], Barbados [CPC, 2003] [Curtis, 1846: 284] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.], Brazil [CPC, 2003] [Quaintance, 1907:92] [S.E.L.], Bolivia [S.E.L.], Colombia [S.E.L.], Costa Rica [S.E.L.], Dominica [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989], Dominican Republic [CPC, 2003] [S.E.L.], Ecuador [S.E.L.], El Salvador [S.E.L.], Guyana [CPC, 2003] [S.E.L.], Grenada [CPC, 2003] [NHM, London], Guadeloupe [CPC, 2003], Guyana [Schotman, 1989] [ Morgan: 1892: 32], Honduras [CPC, 2003] [Kirkaldi, 1907: 41], Jamaica [CPC, 2003] [NHM, London], Martinique [CPC, 2003], Montserrat [NHM, London] [NHM, London], Panama [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989] [S.E.L.], Peru [S.E.L.] , [CPC, 2003], Puerto Rico [S.E.L.], Saint Lucia [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989], Saint Vincent and the grenadines [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989] [NHM, London], Suriname [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989] [S.E.L.], Trinidad and Tobago [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989] [Quaintance, 1907] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.], Venezuela [CPC, 2003] [Bondar 1923: 63] [S.E.L.], Virgin Islands [S.E.L.] . HOST: Anacardiaceae
[Martin, 1997: 127] :
Anacardium occidentale
[CPC, 2003] [Costa Lima, 1968: 106] [NHM, London]; Annonaceae
[Martin, 1997: 127 Annona
muricata [ Morgan:
1892: 29] [NHM, London],
Annnona reticulata &
Annnona squamosa [Quaintance, 1907:97]; Arecaceae: Cocos
nucifera
[Caballero, 1992: 61] [Curtis, 1846:
284], Elaeis sp
[CPC, 2003] ,
Washingtonia robusta [
Dozier, 1936: 284];
Chrysobalanaceae :
Chrysobalanus
icaco [Baker, JM
1937: 607] Licania
(Moquilea) tomentosa [Costa
The recent separation of Aleurodicus iridescens from Aleurodicus cocois (Martin and Watson, 1998) renders older literature records of the host range of A. cocois somewhat uncertain, as they may refer to A. (iridescens) pulvinatus or A. cocois, or both species: IMPACT: one of the most important Aleurodicine species in Central America & Colombia [Caballero, 1992: 61] . NATURAL ENEMIES [Kairo et al, 2001] [Caballero, 1992] [Polaszek, A. , 1991] [Carvalho et al, 1972] [Thompson & Simmonds, 1964: 53] [Schilder & Schilder, 1928: 247] : Cladosporium herbarium (Anamorphic fungi); Cryptognatha nodiceps Marshall, Exoplectra sp. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae); Dirphys, Encarsia guadeloupae Viggiani, Encarsia sp. Encarsia sp. nr. meritoria Gahan, Euderomphale, Encarsiella noyesi Hayat, Encarsiella sp. & Nephaspis (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Metaphycus sp. (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae); Signiphora sp. (Hymenoptera, Signaphoridae). Click here for more references. |
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Aleurodicus destructor Mackie *** NOMENCLATURE [Martin, 1985: 312] [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] :
DISTRIBUTION: Australasian: Australia [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003] [ Froggart, 1918: 436] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.], Brunei [Martin, 1985: 312] ; Indonesia [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003], Malaya [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003] [Corbett, 1935: 731] [NHM, London], West Malaysia [Martin, 1985: 312], New Caledonia [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003] , New Britain [NHM, London], Papua New Guinea [CPC, 2003] [Martin, 1985: 312] [NHM, London], Philippines [CPC, 2003] [Martin, 1985: 312] [Mackie, D. B. 1912 ] [S.E.L.], Sarawak [Martin, 1985: 312] [NHM, London] , Solomon Islands [CPC, 2003] [Martin, 1985: 312] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.] , Sulawesi [Martin, 1985: 312], Vanuatu [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003]; Neotropical: Brazil [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003]; Oriental: Brunei [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003] [NHM, London], Cambodia [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003], Celebes [NHM, London], Laos [CPC, 2003] [EPPO, 2003], Singapore [CPC, 2003] [S.E.L.], Thailand [CPC, 2003], Vietnam [CPC, 2003] . HOST: Agavaceae: Cordyline stricta [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Annonaceae: Annona squamosa [CPC, 2003] [Corbett, 1935: 731] [NHM, London]; Apocynaceae: Plumeria rubra [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Arecaceae: Archontophoenix alexandrae [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] , Cocos nucifera [CPC, 2003] [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] [Martin, 1985: 312] [Mackie, 1912: 142] [NHM, London]; Combretaceae: Terminalia catappa [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Euphorbiaceae: Acalapha sp. [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11], Macaranga tanarius [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11], Phyllanthus acidus [CPC, 2003]; Lauraceae: Cinnamomum [CPC, 2003] [Martin, 1985: 312]; Liliaceae: Molineria capitulata [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Mimosoideae: Acacia & A. auriculiformis [Carver & Reid, 1996], [NHM, London,] [CPC, 2003]; Moraceae: Ficus microcarpa [Martin, 1985: 312] [NHM, London,]; Musaceae: Musa sp. [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Myrtaceae: Callistemon sp. [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] , Eugenia [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11], Syzygium aqueum; Piperaceae: Piper nigrum [CPC, 2003] [NHM, London]; Proteaceae: Banksia sp. [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] [Froggart, 1918: 436] [CPC, 2003]; Strelitziaceae: Ravenala madagascariensis [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11]; Xanthophyllaceae: ?Xanthophyllum sp. [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] [Martin, 1985: 312] . NATURAL ENEMIES [Masner & Huggert 1989] [Carver & Reid, 1996: 12] [Kalshoven, 1981] [Costa Lima, 1968: 106] [Mound & Halsey, 1978: 230] : Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae); Acletoxenus quadristriatus (Diptera: Drosophilidae); Bucca sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae); Encarsia sp., & Encarsiella sp. (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Aleyroctonus pilosus & Aleyroctonus sp. (Hymenoptera, Platygasteridae); Chrysopa sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Click here for other references. |
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Aleurodicus dispersus Russell *** (Field Image) NOMENCLATURE [Martin, 1999: 18] :
TAXONOMY: Description: [Aguiar, 1998: 15-17] [Caballero, 1992] [Russell, 1965]; Key [Caballero, 1992] . DISTRIBUTION: Afrotropical: Africa: Benin [EPPO, 2003] [Martin, 2000 & 2004 [S.E.L.], Cameroons [Martin 2004 Zootaxa], Canary Islands, Madeira [Russell, 1965:52-53] [S.E.L.], Congo [EPPO, 2003] [Martin, 2000: 440], Ghana [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004], Mauritius [EPPO, 2003] [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004], Nigeria [EPPO, 2003] [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004] [S.E.L.], Togo [EPPO, 2003], Sao Tome & Principe [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004], Togo [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004]; Australasian: American Samoa [EPPO, 2003], Australia [EPPO, 2003] [Martin 2004], Cook Islands [EPPO, 2003], Fiji [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Federated States of Micronesia [EPPO, 2003], Guam [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Hawaii [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Indonesia [EPPO, 2003], Kiribati [EPPO, 2003], Marshall Islands [S.E.L.], Malaysia [EPPO, 2003], Nauru [EPPO, 2003], Northern Mariana Islands [EPPO, 2003], Palau [S.E.L.], Papua New Guinea [EPPO, 2003], Philippines [S.E.L.] & Saipan [S.E.L.]; Nearctic: USA (Florida [Russell, 1965:52-53] [S.E.L.] ); Neotropical: Bahamas [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Barbados [EPPO, 2003] [Russell, 1965:52-53] [S.E.L.], Brazil [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Colombia [S.E.L.]; Costa Rica [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Cuba [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Dominica [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Dominican Republic [EPPO, 2003], Ecuador [Russell, 1965:52-53] [S.E.L.], El Salvador [S.E.L.], Guadalupe [S.E.L.], Haiti [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Honduras [S.E.L.], Jamaica [S.E.L.]; Martinique [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Panama [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.] , Peru [EPPO, 2003] [Russell, 1965:52-53] [S.E.L.], Puerto Rico [EPPO, 2003], Venezuela [Arnal, 2000] [EPPO, 2003]; Oriental: Laos [EPPO, 2003], Maldives [EPPO, 2003] [Watson et al, 1995] [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004], Myanmar [Waterhouse, 1993], Singapore [S.E.L.] EPPO, 2003] Sri lanka [Martin, 2000: 440], Thailand [Martin, 2000: 440] [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], Vietnam [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.]; Palaearctic: Bangladesh [EPPO, 2003] [S.E.L.], India [EPPO, 2003] [Martin, 2000: 440 & 2004] [S.E.L.], Italy [S.E.L.], Madeira Island, Portugal [EPPO, 2003], Spain [EPPO, 2003] . HOSTS: Click here for extended list. NATURAL ENEMIES [Schmidt et al, 2001] [Carver & Reid, 1996] [Carver & Reid, 1996: 11] [Tauili"ili & Vargo, 1993] [Viggiani, 1993] [Kajita et al, 1991] [Etienne, J, Quiot, J. & Russell, L., 1991] [Yoshida & Mau, 1985] [Paulson & Kumashiro, 1985] [Kumashiro et al, 1985] [Kumashiro et al, 1983] [Schilder & Schilder 1928] [Evans Collection [Florida DPI] : Axinocymnus beneficus & A. puttarudriahi, sp.,Cheilomenes sexmaculatus Fabricius Coelophora inaequalis Fabricius, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant Curinus coeruleus Mulsant, Delphastus pusillus(LeConte), Harmonia octomaculata Fabricius, Nephaspis bicolor, N. oculatus (Blatchley), N. sp., N. roephei Gordon, Olla v-nigrum (Mulsant), Serangium maculigerum (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae); Cybocephalus sp. (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae); Acletoxenus quadristriatus (Diptera, Drosophilidae); Allograpta obliqua (Say) & Paragus serratus (Fabricius) (Diptera, Syrphidae) Encarsia guadeloupae , E. haitensis Dozier, E. lahorensis (Howard), E. luteola group & E. nigricephala , E. sophia (Girault & Dodd), E. sp. & E. tabacivora (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Encarsiella sp. (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Aleuroctonus vittatus (Dozier) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae); Iridomyrmex anceps (Roger)(Hymenoptera, Formicidae); Signiphora sp. (Hymenoptera, Signaphoridae); Chrysopa sp. & Chrysoperla sp. (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae); Sympherobius barberi (Neuroptera, hemerobiidae). Click here for other references. |
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Aleurodicus dugesii Cockerell: *** NOMENCLATURE :
question whether this species is actually A. poriferus or A. poriferus is a synonym of dugesii. probably the second most important pest in the Aleurodicinae TAXONOMY: Description [Caballero, 1992: 61-62] [Quaintance & Baker, 1913]; Key [Caballero, 1992: 45] . DISTRIBUTION: Afrotropical: Canary Islands; Australasian: Hawaii [Kumashiro, Hawaii State Agriculture]; Nearctic: Mexico [Sampson & Drews, 1941: 149] . [Cockerell, T. D.1896: 302] [NHM, London]; United States (Az, Ca, FL, Hi, La, Tx) [Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-FDACS Internet]; Neotropical: Central America & Venezuela [Arnal, 2000] . HOST: Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica; Annonaceae: Annona sp. [Sampson & Drews 1941: 147]; Apocynaceae: Plumeria sp. [Kumashiro, 2004 email message]; Araceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Spathyphyllum floribundum; Araliaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Aralia sp; Asteraceae: Baccharis trinervis [Caballero, 1992: 64]; Begoniaceae: Begonia sp. [Evans, G. et al 2006] [Sampson & Drews 1941: 147]; Burseraceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Bursera simaruba; Cannaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Canna sp.; Ceneopodiaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Chenopodium ambrosioides Chrysobalanaceae: Chrysobalanus icaco [Sampson 1944: 443]; Cucurbitae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Cucurbita sp.; Euphorbiaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Acalypha wilkesiana, Chamaesyce hypericifolia; Geraniaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Geranium sp.; Juglandaceae: Carya pecan; Labiatae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Coleus scutellarioides, Salvia elegans; Liliaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Hemerocallis sp.; Lauraceae: Cinnamomum sp. [Kumashiro, 2004 email message] Persea americana [Caballero, 1992: 64] [Kumashiro, 2004 email message]; Malvaceae: Gossypium hirsutum [Caballero, 1992: 64], Hibiscus sp. [Kumashiro, 2004 email message], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis [Evans, G. et al 2006] [Cockerell, 1896: 302] & Hibiscus syriacus [Evans, G. et al 2006], H. tiliaceus [Kumashiro, 2004 email message]; Thespesia populnea [Kumashiro, 2004 email message]; Moraceae: Morus [Sampson 1944: 443]; Musaceae: Heliconia sp.; Myrtaceae: Psidium guajave [Kumashiro, 2004 email message] [Caballero, 1992: 64]; Rutaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Citrus sp.; Sapotaceae: Bumelia laetivireus [Evans, G. et al 2006]: [Sampson & Drews, 1941: 147]; Solanaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Capsicum annuum; Turneraceae:Turnera ulmifolia [Kumashiro, 2004 email message]; Ulmaceae[Evans, G. et al 2006]: Trema micranthum; Verbenaceae: Citharexylum spinosum [Kumashiro, 2004 email message] , Clerodendrum sp.; Viscaceae [Evans, G. et al 2006]: Phorandendron leucarpum NATURAL ENEMIES: [Caballero, 1992] [Polaszek, A. , 1991] [ Zolnerowich and Rose. 1996] [CDFA Biocontrol] [UCDavis IPM] : Delphastus catalinae (Horn) ( Coleoptera, Coccinellidae); Encarsiella noyesi Hayat, Encarsiella sp, Idioporus affinis [LaSalle et Al 1997] [Kumashiro, 2004 email message]; Dirphys sp (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Entedononecremnus krauteri Zolnerwich and Rose [Hymenoptera, Eulophidae] . |
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Aleurodicus essigi Sampson & Drews NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: Mexico [Sampson & Drews, 1941] . HOST: Indet Family/Genus [Sampson & Drews, 1941] . |
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Aleurodicus flavus Hempel NOMENCLATURE :
Neotropical: Brazil [Hempel, 1922: 5] [S.E.L.] . HOST: Arecaceae: Cocos
nucifera [Hempel, 1922: 5]; Begoniaceae: Begonia [Costa NATURAL ENEMIES: Nephaspis sp. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) [Costa Lima, 1968: 106]; Euderomphale sp. Dozier (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) . |
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Aleurodicus fucatus Bondar NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Bahamas [S.E.L.], Brazil [Bondar, 1923: 74-75] [S.E.L.], Trinidad & Tobago [S.E.L.], Venezuela [S.E.L.] . HOST: Cecropiaceae: Cecropia palmata [Bondar, 1923: 74]; Fabaceae: Inga [Bondar, 1923: 74]; Sterculiaceae: Theobroma cacao [Bondar, 1923: 74] . |
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Aleurodicus holmesii Maskell NOMENCLATURE [Martin, 1985: 312] [Martin, 1999] : Aleurodicus holmesii Maskell,1895: 435. Aleyrodes holmesii (Maskell) [Cockerell,, T. D. Fla. 1903: 664] . Aleurodicus malayensis Takahashi DISTRIBUTION: Australasian: Australia [S.E.L.], Indonesia, Fiji [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1985: 312] [Maskell,1895: 435] [NHM, London], Indonesia [S.E.L.], Java [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1985: 312] [NHM, London], Papua New Guinea [Martin, 1985: 312], West Malaysia [Martin, 1985: 312]; Oriental [NHM, London] : Sri Lanka [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1985: 312] [Corbett, 1926: 267], Thailand [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1985: 312] . HOST: Myrtaceae: Eucalyptus sp. [Martin, 1999], Psidium sp. [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1985: 312] [Maskell,1895: 435] [NHM, London] and P. guajave [Martin, 1999] [Quaintance, 1907: 92]; Sapindaceae: Guioa sp [Martin, 1999] [Martin, 1985: 312] [NHM, London] . |
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Aleurodicus indicus Regu & David NOMENCLATURE:
DISTRIBUTION: Palaearctic: India [Reghu, K. & David, B. V. ,1992] [S.E.L.] . HOST: Annonaceae: Polyalthia suberosa [Reghu, K. & David, B. V. ,1992] . |
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Aleurodicus inversus sp. nov. NOMENCLATURE [Martin, 2004 Zootaxa] :
DISTRIBUTION [Martin, 2004 Zootaxa] : Neotropical: Belize [Reghu, K. & David, B. V. ,1992] [S.E.L.] . HOST [Martin, 2004 Zootaxa: Bignoniaceae: Stizophyllum riparium; Combretaceae: Combretum cacoucia; Sapinaceae: Paullinia pinnata. |
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Aleurodicus jamaicensis Cockerell NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Jamaica [Cockerell, 1902: 280] [NHM, London] . HOST: Arecaceae [NHM, London] : Cocos nucifera ; Fabaceae: Mikania cordifolia . |
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Aleurodicus juleikae Bondar NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Brazil [Bondar, 1923: 78] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.], Colombia [S.E.L.], Suriname [S.E.L.], Venezuela [S.E.L.] . HOST: Loranthaceae : Phoradendron platycaulon [Costa Lima, 1968: 107], Notanthera sp. [Bondar, 1923: 80]; Indet Genus; Tiliaceae: Triumfetta semitriloba [Costa Lima, 1968: 107] . NATURAL ENEMIES [CDFA ] [Costa Lima, 1968: 106] : Encarsia sp [Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae] . |
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Aleurodicus machili Takahashi NOMENCLATURE .:
DISTRIBUTION: Oriental: Hong Kong [Takahashi, 1941: 351] [S.E.L.], India [S.E.L.], Taiwan [Takahashi, 1931: 208-209] ] [S.E.L.] . HOST: Lauraceae: Actinodaphne pedicellata [Takahashi, 1932: 7]; Cinnamomum sp. [Takahashi, 1941: 351]; Persea (Machilus) sp. [Takahashi, 1931: 209] . NATURAL ENEMIES: [Huang & Polaszek, 1996] [Chou & Chou, 1994] : Encarsiella taiwanensis (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae). |
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Aleurodicus magnificus Costa Lima NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Belize [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24], Brazil [Costa Lima, 1928: 131] [S.E.L.], Panama [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24] . HOST: Rutaceae: Citrus sp. [Costa Lima, 1928: 131] . |
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Aleurodicus maritimus Hempel NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: Mexico [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25] [Sampson & Drews, 1941: 149] [S.E.L.]; Neotropical : Belize [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25] Brazil Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25] [Hempel, 1923: 1161] [S.E.L.], Colombia [S.E.L.], Ecuador [S.E.L.], Guyana [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25], Nicaragua [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25], Panama [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25] [S.E.L.], Peru [S.E.L.], Surinam [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25], Trinidad [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 24-25] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.], Venezuela [Arnal et al: 1993] . HOST: Chrysobalanaceae: Licania
(Moquilea) tomentosa [Bondar, 1923: 77]; Clusiaceae: [Bondar, 1923: 78] Vismia brasiliensis [Bondar, 1923: 78]; Euphorbiaceae: Delechampia
tiliifolia [Arnal et al: 1993];
Fabaceae: Cajanus
cajan [Costa NATURAL ENEMIES [CDFA ] : Encarsia sp. nr. meritoria Gahan, Encarsiella noyesi Hayat (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae). |
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Aleurodicus marmoratus Hempel NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Brazil [Hempel, A. 1923] . HOST: Asteraceae: Baccharis genistelloides [Hempel, A. 1923] . |
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Aleurodicus neglectus Quaintance & Baker NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Barbados [NHM, London], Brazil [Quaintance. & Baker, 1913: 64] [S.E.L.], Colombia [S.E.L.], Costa Rica [S.E.L.]; Guyana , Trinidad & Tobago [CPC, 2003] [Schotman, 1989] [Quaintance. & Baker, 1913: 64] [S.E.L.] . HOST: Annonaceae: Annona
reticulata [Quaintance. & Baker, 1913: 64] , Annona squamosa
[Quaintance. & Baker, 1913: 64] [NHM, London];
Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera
[Quaintance. & Baker, 1913: 64] [NHM, London]; Cecropiaceae: Cecropia concolor [Costa Natural Enemies: Scymninae, sp. of
(Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) |
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Aleurodicus niveus sp. nov (field image) NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Belize [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 26] . HOST: Orchidaceae: Encyclia cochleata
[Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 26] |
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Aleurodicus ornatus Cockerell NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Cuba [S.E.L.], Haiti [S.E.L.], Jamaica [Cockerell, 1893: 105-106] [NHM, London] [S.E.L.]; Puerto Rico [S.E.L.]; Palaearctic: Italy [S.E.L.] . HOST: Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera [NHM, London]; Solanaceae: Capsicum sp. [Cockerell, 1893: 105] . |
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Aleurodicus pauciporus sp. nov NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Belize [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 27] . HOST: Aquifoliaceae: Ilex belizensis; Flaucourtiaceae: Casearia tremula [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 27]; lauraceae? [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 28] |
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Aleurodicus pulvinatus Maskell*** (Field Image) NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Nearctic: Mexico [CPC, 2003]; Neotropical: Antigua, Belize [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Bolivia [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Brazil [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998] [ Bondar, 1922: 85], Costa Rica [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Colombia [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Ecuador [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], El Salvador [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Guyana [Baker & Moles, 1923: 622], Honduras [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Nicaragua [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Panama [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Peru [Martin & Watson, 1998], St. Kitts & Nevis [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], Trinidad [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998] [Schotman CYL, 1989] [Maskell, 1895: 439-441] [NHM, London], Surninam [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998], & Venezuela [CPC, 2003] [Martin & Watson, 1998] [Arnal et al: 1993] . HOST: Annonaceae: Annona
squamosa; Araceae: Montrichardia aculeata
[Baker & Moles, 1923: 622];
Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera
[CPC, 2003] [Costa NATURAL ENEMIES [Kairo et al, 2001], [Chavez, 1996] [Hayat,M.,1992] [Polaszek, A.,1991] : Phytoseiidae, spp. of (Acarina); Dirphys larensis Chavez, Encarsia guadeloupae Viggiani, E. noyesi Hayat, Encarsia sp. & Encarsia sp. nr. meritoria Gahan (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae); Metaphycus sp & Nephaspis sp (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae); Aleuroctonus vittatus (Dozier), Entedononecremnus sp (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae); Delphastus nebulosus Chapin, Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae); Syrphidae (Diptera); Chrysopodes (Neosuarius) collaris Schneider (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae); Araneae. |
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Aleurodicus rugioperculatus sp. nov. NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 29] : Neotropical: Belize, Mexico. HOST: Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera; lauraceae: Psidium guajava [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 30] |
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Aleurodicus talamancensis sp. nov. (field Image) NOMENCLATURE : [Martin, 2005 Zootaxa: 30]: Aleurodicus talamancensis sp. nov. DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Costa Rica [Martin, 2005 Zootaxa: 843: 1-10]. HOST: [Martin, 2005 Zootaxa: 843: 1-10]: Musaceae: Musa sp.; Orchidaceae: ?Maxillaria sp. |
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Aleurodicus trinidadensis Quaintance & Baker NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION: Neotropical: Colombia [S.E.L.], Grenada [S.E.L.], Trinidad & Tobago [Quaintance & Baker, 1913: 69] [S.E.L.] . HOST: Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera [Quaintance & Baker, 1913: 69]; Asteraceae: Eupatorium odoratum [NHM, London]; Musaceae: Musa sapientum [NHM, London] . |
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Aleurodicus vinculus sp. nov. NOMENCLATURE :
DISTRIBUTION [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 31] : Neotropical: Belize [NHM, London] . HOST: Indet plant [Martin, 2004: Zootaxa: 31] |
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Aleurodicus wallaceus Martin NOMENCLATURE:
DISTRIBUTION: Australasian: Indonesia [Martin, 1988] [S.E.L.] . HOST: Lauraceae: Persea americana [Martin, 1988] . |
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